Tucson, Arizona Frost Dates, Growing Season & Hardiness Zone
Frost odds and planting zone for Tucson for the 2027 season, based on 1991–2020 normals.
Last frost date
Feb 5
typical (50% chance of a later 32°F night), in years with a freeze
Safer date: Mar 2 (10% risk)
earlyFeb 5
typicalMar 2
safer
First fall frost
Dec 9
typical (50% chance it has happened by then)
Early-risk date: Nov 21 (10%)
Growing season
307 days
typical frost-free (32°F) season
Short year: 274 days (1 year in 10 is shorter)
USDA hardiness zone
9a–9b
2023 map: 20 to 30°F average coldest night
2012 map: 9a (most of the city)
Stations around the metro don't all agree. The typical last frost is as early as Jan 20 at Tucson and as late as Apr 2 at Catalina State Park.
In years with a freeze, half have their last 32°F night by Feb 5, and 1 in 10 of those years still has one after Mar 2.
Based on NOAA station Tucson International Airport (USW00023160), 5.2 mi WSW, elevation 2,549 ft (−149 ft vs. city center). Confidence: High.
When is the last frost in Tucson?
Some winters here pass without a single 32°F night: NOAA's yearly chance at Tucson International Airport is 98.9%. The dates on this page cover only the years that do freeze, which is how NOAA computes them (conditional probabilities).
Counting only years with a freeze, half are past their last 32°F night by Feb 5, and 1 in 10 has one after Mar 2. NOAA puts the yearly chance of a 36°F night (frost possible on plants) at 100%, with the last one typically around Feb 28. The yearly chance of a 28°F hard freeze is 69.6%.
Frost risk in Tucson drags on well past the typical date. The safer 1-in-10 date (Mar 2) is 25 days later than the typical Feb 5, so protect tender plants set out early on cold nights.
Cool nights hang on after the last freeze. In years with a freeze, the typical last 32°F night is around Feb 5, and the typical last 36°F night (frost possible on plants in low spots) comes 23 days later, around Feb 28. On clear, calm nights, frost can form on leaves while the thermometer still reads above freezing.
| Threshold | 10% (safer) | 30% | 50% (typical) | 90% (early) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F (frost possible on plants) | Mar 24 | Mar 7 | Feb 28 | Feb 3 |
| 32°F freeze | Mar 2 | Feb 17 | Feb 5 | Jan 4 |
| 28°F hard freeze | Feb 17 | Jan 31 | Jan 11 | Dec 14 |
All probabilities (10–90%)
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F (frost possible on plants) | Mar 24 | Mar 12 | Mar 7 | Mar 3 | Feb 28 | Feb 25 | Feb 19 | Feb 13 | Feb 3 |
| 32°F freeze | Mar 2 | Feb 23 | Feb 17 | Feb 11 | Feb 5 | Jan 31 | Jan 23 | Jan 14 | Jan 4 |
| 28°F hard freeze | Feb 17 | Feb 6 | Jan 31 | Jan 19 | Jan 11 | Jan 5 | Jan 1 | Dec 24 | Dec 14 |
Is it too early to plant in Tucson?
Before Feb 5 the odds of another 32°F night are better than even; after Mar 2 they are about 1 in 10 or less.
Today's risk is computed in your browser from the same NOAA probability table, shown as the range between the two nearest NOAA probability levels.
When is the first frost in Tucson?
Counting only years with a freeze, the first 32°F night comes by Dec 9 in half of them and as early as Nov 21 in 1 in 10. The first 36°F night (frost possible on plants) typically comes around Nov 26. NOAA puts the yearly chance of a 28°F hard freeze at 69.6%.
To time a fall crop, count back from the typical first frost (Dec 9) or the safer Nov 21. The planting calendar works it out crop by crop.
| Threshold | 10% (early) | 30% | 50% (typical) | 90% (late) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F (frost possible on plants) | Nov 11 | Nov 20 | Nov 26 | Dec 14 |
| 32°F freeze | Nov 21 | Nov 30 | Dec 9 | Jan 3 |
| 28°F hard freeze | Nov 30 | Dec 14 | Dec 26 | Feb 1 |
All probabilities (10–90%)
| Threshold | 10% | 20% | 30% | 40% | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F (frost possible on plants) | Nov 11 | Nov 17 | Nov 20 | Nov 23 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 3 | Dec 8 | Dec 14 |
| 32°F freeze | Nov 21 | Nov 26 | Nov 30 | Dec 5 | Dec 9 | Dec 13 | Dec 17 | Dec 24 | Jan 3 |
| 28°F hard freeze | Nov 30 | Dec 9 | Dec 14 | Dec 20 | Dec 26 | Jan 1 | Jan 6 | Jan 18 | Feb 1 |
How long is Tucson's growing season?
A typical year in Tucson has 307 days between the last spring and first fall 32°F nights. In about 1 year in 10, there are fewer than 274 days.
This much frost-free time means many crops can go in twice, in spring and again for a fall harvest.
The station averages 7,673 growing degree days (base 50°F) a year. That number measures how much heat crops have to grow on.
| Threshold | 10% (long year) | 50% (typical) | 90% (short year) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36°F (frost possible on plants) | 301 days | 271 days | 241 days |
| 32°F freeze | 344 days | 307 days | 274 days |
| 28°F hard freeze | 365 days | 351 days | 314 days |
How does Tucson's season compare?
Among the 3 Arizona cities with frost dates on this site, the typical frost-free season in Tucson (307 days) is the shortest.
Compared with the 56 U.S. cities with frost dates on this site, this typical frost-free season is longer than in 47 and shorter than in 8.
Growing degree days (base 50°F)
Annual normal: 7,673 GDD (NOAA flag S, 28 years). Running total by the end of each month (sum of NOAA daily GDD normals, so the year-end total can differ slightly from the annual normal):
| Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 147 | 339 | 712 | 1,256 | 2,087 | 3,171 | 4,357 | 5,500 | 6,483 | 7,185 | 7,537 | 7,673 |
What growing zone is Tucson? (USDA 2023)
The 2023 USDA map puts Tucson in zone 9a–9b (20 to 30°F average coldest winter night). On the 2012 map, most of the city was 9a. Comparing ZIPs listed in both tables, 11 of 29 moved up half a zone.
| ZIP | 2023 | 2012 | Change | Share of ZIP in Tucson |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 85701 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 100% |
| 85704 | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 2% |
| 85705 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 75% |
| 85706 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 76% |
| 85707 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 99% |
| 85708 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 100% |
| 85709 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 100% |
| 85710 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 100% |
| 85711 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 100% |
| 85712 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 99% |
| 85713 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 52% |
| 85714 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 75% |
| 85715 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 77% |
| 85716 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 98% |
| 85718 | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 4% |
| 85719 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 100% |
| 85721 mostly in city | not listed | 9b | – | 100% |
| 85723 mostly in city | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 100% |
| 85724 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 100% |
| 85726 mostly in city | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 100% |
| 85730 | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 28% |
| 85734 mostly in city | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 100% |
| 85741 | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 3% |
| 85743 | 9b | 9b | unchanged | 0% |
| 85745 | 9b | 9a | +1 half zone (warmer) | 32% |
| 85746 | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 3% |
| 85747 mostly in city | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 69% |
| 85748 mostly in city | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 52% |
| 85749 | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 6% |
| 85756 mostly in city | 9a | 9a | unchanged | 55% |
Other ZIPs touching Tucson and PO-box ZIPs
ZIPs outside the 857 prefix that overlap the city boundary:
- 85641: 2023 9a, 2012 9a (2.4% of the ZIP is in Tucson)
PO-box and single-address 857xx ZIPs have no Census area, so we cannot tell which city they serve: 85702 (9b/9b), 85703 (9b/9a), 85717 (9b/9b), 85720 (9b/9a), 85722 (9b/9b), 85725 (9b/9a), 85728 (9b/9a), 85731 (9b/9a), 85732 (9b/9a), 85733 (9b/9b), 85735 (9a/9a), 85736 (8b/9a), 85737 (9a/9a), 85738 (9a/9a), 85739 (9a/9a), 85740 (9a/9a), 85742 (9b/9b), 85744 (9a/9a), 85750 (9a/9a), 85751 (9b/9a), 85752 (9b/9a), 85754 (9b/9a), 85755 (9a/9b), 85757 (9a/9a), 85775 (9b/9b) (2023/2012).
Zones: PRISM Group, Oregon State University, https://prism.oregonstate.edu, accessed 2026-10-08. Shown as published in the ZIP tables; this page does not show a zone map. Not the official USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (official map: planthardiness.ars.usda.gov).
Does the new zone change Tucson's frost dates?
No. A hardiness zone reflects only the average coldest winter temperature, not the timing of spring or fall frost. Tucson's frost dates come from NOAA's 1991–2020 frost probabilities, and the 2023 zone map didn't change them. Pick perennials that survive winter by zone; time your planting by frost dates.
Why do Tucson frost dates differ between websites?
If you've seen Feb 17 listed as Tucson's last frost date, that's the 30%-risk date: in years with a freeze, about 3 in 10 still get a 32°F night after it. We lead with Feb 5, the 50% (median) date.
We call Mar 2 the 'safer' date. It's the 10%-risk date: in about 1 in 10 years with a freeze, a 32°F night still comes after it.
Feb 28 is the 50% date for a 36°F night (frost possible on plants), not a 32°F freeze. Sites that treat 36°F as the danger line show later dates.
The choice of weather station matters too. The 8 stations within 25 miles of the city center that pass our quality rules give typical (50%) last 32°F frost dates from Jan 20 to Apr 2; see the table below.
| Date | What it is (NOAA 1991–2020) |
|---|---|
| Feb 17 | 32°F last frost, 30% risk (a 'balanced' date) |
| Feb 28 | 36°F last cold night, 50% (frost possible on plants) |
| Mar 2 | 32°F last frost, 10% risk (the 'safer' date) |
| Jan 11 | 28°F last hard freeze, 50% |
| Station | Distance | Elevation | Typical last frost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tucson | 7.2 mi NW | 2,435 ft | Jan 20 |
| Tucson International Airport used here | 5.2 mi WSW | 2,549 ft | Feb 5 |
| Tucson 11 W | 18.5 mi WNW | 2,733 ft | Feb 8 |
| Tucson U Of A #1 | 10.7 mi NW | 2,315 ft | Feb 11 |
| Tucson Camp Avenue Exp. | 9.9 mi NNW | 2,330 ft | Feb 20 |
| Tucson 17 NW | 20.3 mi WNW | 2,561 ft | Feb 23 |
| Green Valley | 19.4 mi SSW | 2,900 ft | Feb 25 |
| Catalina State Park | 18.6 mi N | 2,707 ft | Apr 2 |
Which weather station is this based on?
- Station
- Tucson International Airport (NOAA USW00023160, WBAN/ASOS-AWOS)
- Distance
- 5.2 mi WSW of the city center
- Elevation
- 2,549 ft; city center 2,698 ft (USGS), difference −149 ft
- Record
- NOAA completeness flag S, 29 of 30 years (1991–2020)
- Confidence
- High (rule)
Confidence: High. The station is close (5.2 miles from the city center), its elevation differs by just 149 ft, and its frost statistics meet our completeness rule (NOAA flag S, 29 of 30 years).
| Station | ID | Distance | Elev. (Δ) | Last frost 50% | First frost 50% | Season 50% | NOAA flag / years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tucson International Airport | USW00023160 | 5.2 mi WSW | 2,549 ft (-149) | Feb 5 | Dec 9 | 307 d | S / 29 |
| Tucson | USC00028815 | 7.2 mi NW | 2,435 ft (-263) | Jan 20 | Dec 17 | 332 d | R / 14 |
| Tucson Camp Avenue Exp. | USC00028796 | 9.9 mi NNW | 2,330 ft (-368) | Feb 20 | Nov 27 | 280 d | R / 22 |
| Tucson U Of A #1 | USC00028817 | 10.7 mi NW | 2,315 ft (-383) | Feb 11 | Dec 2 | 293 d | R / 18 |
| Tucson 11 W | USW00053131 | 18.5 mi WNW | 2,733 ft (+35) | Feb 8 | Dec 10 | 303 d | R / 18 |
| Catalina State Park | USC00021357 | 18.6 mi N | 2,707 ft (+9) | Apr 2 | Nov 11 | 222 d | R / 13 |
| Green Valley | USC00023668 | 19.4 mi SSW | 2,900 ft (+202) | Feb 25 | Nov 27 | 276 d | R / 21 |
| Tucson 17 NW | USC00028795 | 20.3 mi WNW | 2,561 ft (-137) | Feb 23 | Dec 6 | 287 d | R / 23 |
Other stations within 25 mi (not used)
- Saguaro National Park (USC00027398), 8.1 mi ENE, 3,080 ft: typical last frost Jan 26. Not used: frost normals incomplete or flagged (needs all 81 values with S/R flags, or values missing only because NOAA's probability of occurrence is below 10%).
- Tohono Chul (USC00028590), 14.4 mi NNW, 2,527 ft: typical last frost Feb 26. Not used: frost normals incomplete or flagged (needs all 81 values with S/R flags, or values missing only because NOAA's probability of occurrence is below 10%).
- Mount Lemmon Willow Canyon (USC00025737), 19.0 mi NNE, 7,027 ft: typical last frost Apr 1. Not used: frost normals incomplete or flagged (needs all 81 values with S/R flags, or values missing only because NOAA's probability of occurrence is below 10%); |elev diff| 4329 ft > 500 ft.
76 other NOAA normals stations within 40 km (mostly rain gauges) have no frost statistics.
Tucson planting dates at a glance
Balanced dates use the 30%-risk last-frost date as the anchor. The Tucson planting calendar has typical and safe dates, fall planting and a month-by-month list for 26 vegetables.
| Crop | Start indoors | Plant outdoors (balanced) | Fall |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tomatoes | Feb 21 – Mar 7 | Apr 11 | – |
| Peppers | Jan 6–20 | Mar 3 | – |
| Potatoes | – | Feb 3–17 | – |
| Onions (dry, from sets) | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | – |
| Peas | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Sep 21 |
| Lettuce (leaf) | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Sep 26 |
| Carrots | – | Feb 3–17 | sow by Sep 16 |
| Beans (snap) | – | Feb 17 | sow by Sep 12 |
| Summer squash | – | Feb 17 | sow by Sep 22 |
| Broccoli | Dec 2–16 | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | transplant by Sep 21 |
| Cabbage | Dec 2–16 | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | transplant by Sep 1 |
| Cauliflower | Dec 16–30 | Feb 3–17 | – |
| Kohlrabi | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Oct 6 |
| Green onions | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Sep 26 |
| Radishes | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Oct 26 |
| Spinach | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Oct 16 |
| Turnips | – | Jan 20 – Feb 3 | sow by Oct 6 |
| Beets | – | Feb 3–17 | sow by Sep 26 |
| Swiss chard | – | Feb 3–17 | sow by Sep 26 |
| Parsnips | – | Feb 3–17 | – |
| Sweet corn | – | Feb 17 | – |
| Cucumbers | – | Feb 17 | sow by Sep 17 |
| Eggplant | Dec 30 – Jan 20 | Mar 3 | – |
| Cantaloupe | – | Mar 3 | – |
| Watermelon | – | Mar 3 | – |
| Winter squash | – | Mar 3 | – |
When to plant tomatoes in Tucson · Fall planting dates for Tucson
Frost dates near Tucson
| City | Distance | Last frost | First frost | Season | Zone 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mesa frost dates | 99 mi | Feb 1 | Dec 10 | 312 days | 9b–10a |
| Phoenix frost dates | 121 mi | Jan 8 | Dec 25 | 354 days | 9b–10a |
| El Paso, TX frost dates | 261 mi | Mar 2 | Nov 20 | 261 days | 8b |
Frequently asked questions
What is the average last frost date in Tucson?
Not every winter in Tucson freezes: NOAA puts the yearly chance of a 32°F night at Tucson International Airport at 98.9%. In the years that do freeze, the typical (50%) last one is Feb 5, and only about 1 in 10 of those years has one after Mar 2.
When is the first frost in Tucson?
In years with a freeze, the first 32°F night typically arrives by Dec 9, and in about 1 in 10 of those years it comes as early as Nov 21. NOAA puts the yearly chance of a 32°F night at Tucson International Airport at 98.9%.
What growing zone is Tucson, Arizona?
Tucson is in USDA hardiness zone 9a–9b on the 2023 map. Most of the city was already 9a on the 2012 map, though 11 of 29 city ZIPs changed zone.
Is it too early to plant in Tucson?
For frost-tender plants, wait until at least Feb 5. Not every year freezes here: NOAA puts the yearly chance of a 32°F night at Tucson International Airport at 98.9%. In years that do, another 32°F night after Feb 5 happens about half the time, and after Mar 2 about 1 time in 10. Cool-season crops like peas and lettuce can go in weeks earlier; the planting calendar has the dates.
What temperature is a killing frost?
A light frost is enough to kill tender crops such as tomatoes. CSU Extension describes 28–32°F as a light frost and anything below 28°F as a heavy frost. We report NOAA odds at three thresholds: 36°F (frost possible on plants), 32°F (freeze, our headline) and 28°F (hard freeze).
Is first frost the same as first freeze?
Not exactly. A freeze is about the air reaching 32°F. Frost is ice on surfaces, which can form on calm, clear nights while the air is still a few degrees above freezing. The first 36°F night (frost possible on plants) in Tucson typically comes around Nov 26. Freezes don't come every year here: NOAA puts the yearly chance of a 32°F night at 98.9%, and in years that have one, the first typically arrives around Dec 9.
Download & sources
- Add Tucson frost & planting dates to your calendar (.ics, 2027)
- Printable planting calendar (PDF)
- How these numbers are calculated
Data: NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals 1991–2020 (annual/seasonal and daily normals, station USW00023160); USDA Plant Hardiness Zone ZIP tables 2023 and 2012 by the PRISM Group, Oregon State University; Census 2020 ZIP/place relationship file; USGS elevation. Long-term odds, not a forecast. Figures and sentences are generated from these data by fixed rules; see the methodology. Last updated 2026-10-08.