San Antonio, TX Vegetable Planting Calendar

What to plant now in San Antonio

In October:

• Last day to sow spinach for a fall harvest (by Oct 5)
• Last day to sow radishes for a fall harvest (by Oct 15)

The list above is for the month this page was built; the box is refreshed in your browser for today's date.

Spring planting dates

“Plant out” means transplanting for crops started indoors and sowing or planting directly in the garden for the others. Each column applies CSU Extension's timing rule to a different last-frost anchor: aggressive = typical date (Feb 25, 50% risk), balanced = Mar 5 (30%), safe = Mar 19 (10%). For hardy crops the cell shows the CSU “as early as” window.

A soil thermometer helps here. CSU recommends checking soil temperature at 4 inches (6 inches for beans) before sowing. NOAA doesn't publish soil-temperature normals, so instead of a date, each crop shows CSU's minimum soil temperature.

Fall planting dates

Latest dates for a fall harvest, using the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension count-back formula: days to harvest (CSU) + 14-day fall factor + 14-day frost-tender factor for frost-sensitive crops, counted back from the first-frost date. For transplanted crops (CSU days are from transplant) the result is the latest transplant date; seeds go in CSU's transplant-age weeks earlier. We add no harvest period, so these dates give you a first harvest by the first frost, not a long harvest.

Month-by-month: what to plant in San Antonio

What to plant in San Antonio in January

• Start cauliflower seeds indoors (Jan 1–15)
• Start eggplant seeds indoors (Jan 15 – Feb 5)
• Start pepper seeds indoors (Jan 22 – Feb 5)
• Onions (dry, from sets): plant sets outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Peas: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Lettuce (leaf): direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Broccoli: transplant outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Cabbage: transplant outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Kohlrabi: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Green onions: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Radishes: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Spinach: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Turnips: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Start tomato seeds indoors (Jan 30 – Feb 13)
• Start broccoli seeds indoors (Dec 18 – Jan 1)
• Start cabbage seeds indoors (Dec 18 – Jan 1)

What to plant in San Antonio in February

• Potatoes: plant (seed pieces) outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Carrots: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Cauliflower: transplant outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Beets: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Swiss chard: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Parsnips: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Beans (snap): direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Summer squash: direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Sweet corn: direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Cucumbers: direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Start eggplant seeds indoors (Jan 15 – Feb 5)
• Start pepper seeds indoors (Jan 22 – Feb 5)
• Onions (dry, from sets): plant sets outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Peas: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Lettuce (leaf): direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Broccoli: transplant outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Cabbage: transplant outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Kohlrabi: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Green onions: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Radishes: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Spinach: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Turnips: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Start tomato seeds indoors (Jan 30 – Feb 13)

What to plant in San Antonio in March

• Peppers: transplant outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Eggplant: transplant outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Cantaloupe: direct sow outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Watermelon: direct sow outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Winter squash: direct sow outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Tomatoes: transplant outdoors (Mar 20 – Apr 2)
• Onions (dry, from sets): plant sets outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Peas: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Lettuce (leaf): direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Broccoli: transplant outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Cabbage: transplant outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Kohlrabi: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Green onions: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Radishes: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Spinach: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Turnips: direct sow outdoors (Jan 28 – Mar 5)
• Potatoes: plant (seed pieces) outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Carrots: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Cauliflower: transplant outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Beets: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Swiss chard: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Parsnips: direct sow outdoors (Feb 11 – Mar 19)
• Beans (snap): direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Summer squash: direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Sweet corn: direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)
• Cucumbers: direct sow outdoors (Feb 25 – Mar 19)

What to plant in San Antonio in April

• Peppers: transplant outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Eggplant: transplant outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Cantaloupe: direct sow outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Watermelon: direct sow outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Winter squash: direct sow outdoors (Mar 11 – Apr 2)
• Tomatoes: transplant outdoors (Mar 20 – Apr 2)

What to plant in San Antonio in July

• Start cabbage seeds indoors for a fall crop (Jul 3–17)
• Start broccoli seeds indoors for a fall crop (Jul 23 – Aug 6)

What to plant in San Antonio in August

• Last day to set out cabbage transplants for a fall harvest (by Aug 21)
• Start broccoli seeds indoors for a fall crop (Jul 23 – Aug 6)

What to plant in San Antonio in September

• Last day to sow beans (snap) for a fall harvest (by Sep 1)
• Last day to sow carrots for a fall harvest (by Sep 5)
• Last day to sow cucumbers for a fall harvest (by Sep 6)
• Last day to sow peas for a fall harvest (by Sep 10)
• Last day to set out broccoli transplants for a fall harvest (by Sep 10)
• Last day to sow summer squash for a fall harvest (by Sep 11)
• Last day to sow lettuce (leaf) for a fall harvest (by Sep 15)
• Last day to sow green onions for a fall harvest (by Sep 15)
• Last day to sow beets for a fall harvest (by Sep 15)
• Last day to sow swiss chard for a fall harvest (by Sep 15)
• Last day to sow kohlrabi for a fall harvest (by Sep 25)
• Last day to sow turnips for a fall harvest (by Sep 25)

What to plant in San Antonio in October

• Last day to sow spinach for a fall harvest (by Oct 5)
• Last day to sow radishes for a fall harvest (by Oct 15)

What to plant in San Antonio in December

• Start broccoli seeds indoors (Dec 18 – Jan 1)
• Start cabbage seeds indoors (Dec 18 – Jan 1)

Crop-by-crop notes

When to plant tomatoes in San Antonio

Very tender crop. CSU Extension's rules are to set tomatoes out at least 2 weeks after the average last frost and only once nights are above 52°F. In San Antonio, the frost rule alone would allow about Mar 11, but the average nightly low at San Antonio Incarnate Word first rises above 52°F on Mar 20, so the dates shown start no earlier than that: about Mar 20 using the typical date, Mar 20 as a balanced choice, or Apr 2 if you go by the safer 10% date. Start seeds indoors Jan 30 – Feb 13, 5–7 weeks before transplanting on Mar 20. Below 55°F at night, fruit set suffers (CSU). At San Antonio Incarnate Word, the normal low reaches 55°F on Apr 3. Set out on Mar 20, tomato plants would start producing around May 24, based on CSU's typical 65 days from transplant to harvest. That leaves 188 days before the typical first frost (Nov 28).

When to plant peppers in San Antonio

Very tender crop. Following CSU Extension's rule (2+ weeks after the average last frost), set peppers out around Mar 11 with the typical date, Mar 19 for a balanced choice, or Apr 2 with the safer 10% date. Sow seeds indoors Jan 22 – Feb 5, 6–8 weeks before transplanting on Mar 19. Fruit set suffers when nights drop below 55°F (CSU). The normal low at San Antonio Incarnate Word reaches 55°F on Apr 3. CSU's typical time from transplant to harvest for pepper plants is 70 days. Set out on Mar 19, they would start producing around May 28, 184 days before the typical first frost (Nov 28).

When to plant potatoes in San Antonio

Semi-hardy crop. CSU says potatoes can be planted as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil of at least 45°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Feb 11–25 going by the typical date, or Mar 5–19 going by the safer date.

When to plant onions (dry, from sets) in San Antonio

Hardy crop. Per CSU, onions (dry, from sets) can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 35°F. For San Antonio, that works out to roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 (typical date) or Feb 19 – Mar 5 (safer date).

When to plant peas in San Antonio

Hardy crop. Per CSU, peas can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For San Antonio, that works out to roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 (typical date) or Feb 19 – Mar 5 (safer date). For fall, count back 79 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Sep 10, or by Aug 20 to be safe.

When to plant lettuce (leaf) in San Antonio

Hardy crop. Per CSU, lettuce (leaf) can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 35°F. For San Antonio, that works out to roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 (typical date) or Feb 19 – Mar 5 (safer date). For fall, count back 74 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Sep 15, or by Aug 25 to be safe.

When to plant carrots in San Antonio

Semi-hardy crop. CSU allows planting carrots as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil at 40°F or warmer. For San Antonio, that's roughly Feb 11–25 by the typical date or Mar 5–19 by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Sep 5, or by Aug 15 to be safe. That's 84 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant beans (snap) in San Antonio

Tender crop. CSU says to sow beans (snap) around the average last frost, about Feb 25 in San Antonio. If you want only a 1-in-10 chance of a later 32°F night, wait until Mar 19. Seeds need soil of at least 55°F. For fall, sow by Sep 1 (Aug 11 to be safe), which is 88 days before the first-frost date.

When to plant summer squash in San Antonio

Tender crop. CSU says to sow summer squash around the average last frost, about Feb 25 in San Antonio. If you want only a 1-in-10 chance of a later 32°F night, wait until Mar 19. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F. For a fall crop, sow by Sep 11, or by Aug 21 to be safe. That's 78 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant broccoli in San Antonio

Hardy crop. CSU says broccoli can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 going by the typical date, or Feb 19 – Mar 5 going by the safer date. CSU's typical time from transplant to harvest for broccoli plants is 65 days. Set out on Feb 5, they would start producing around Apr 11, 231 days before the typical first frost (Nov 28). For a fall crop, set broccoli transplants out by Sep 10. That's UNL Extension's count-back from the typical first frost (Nov 28), using CSU's 65 days from transplant to harvest. If you grow your own transplants, start seeds Jul 23 – Aug 6 (CSU: 5–7 weeks to transplant size).

When to plant cabbage in San Antonio

Hardy crop. Per CSU, cabbage can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For San Antonio, that works out to roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 (typical date) or Feb 19 – Mar 5 (safer date). Using CSU's typical 85 days from transplant to harvest, cabbage plants set out on Feb 5 would start producing around May 1. That's 211 days before the typical first frost (Nov 28). For a fall crop, set cabbage transplants out by Aug 21. That's UNL Extension's count-back from the typical first frost (Nov 28), using CSU's 85 days from transplant to harvest. If you grow your own transplants, start seeds Jul 3–17 (CSU: 5–7 weeks to transplant size).

When to plant cauliflower in San Antonio

Semi-hardy crop. CSU says cauliflower can be planted as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil of at least 40°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Feb 11–25 going by the typical date, or Mar 5–19 going by the safer date.

When to plant kohlrabi in San Antonio

Hardy crop. CSU says kohlrabi can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 going by the typical date, or Feb 19 – Mar 5 going by the safer date. For fall, sow by Sep 25 (Sep 4 to be safe), which is 64 days before the first-frost date.

When to plant green onions in San Antonio

Hardy crop. CSU says green onions can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 35°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 going by the typical date, or Feb 19 – Mar 5 going by the safer date. For fall, count back 74 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Sep 15, or by Aug 25 to be safe.

When to plant radishes in San Antonio

Hardy crop. Per CSU, radishes can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For San Antonio, that works out to roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 (typical date) or Feb 19 – Mar 5 (safer date). For fall, count back 44 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Oct 15, or by Sep 24 to be safe.

When to plant spinach in San Antonio

Hardy crop. Per CSU, spinach can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For San Antonio, that works out to roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 (typical date) or Feb 19 – Mar 5 (safer date). For fall, count back 54 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Oct 5, or by Sep 14 to be safe.

When to plant turnips in San Antonio

Hardy crop. CSU says turnips can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost: roughly Jan 28 – Feb 11 in San Antonio using the typical date, or Feb 19 – Mar 5 using the safer one. Wait until the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. For fall, count back 64 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Sep 25, or by Sep 4 to be safe.

When to plant beets in San Antonio

Semi-hardy crop. CSU says beets can be planted as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil of at least 40°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Feb 11–25 going by the typical date, or Mar 5–19 going by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Sep 15, or by Aug 25 to be safe. That's 74 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant swiss chard in San Antonio

Semi-hardy crop. CSU allows planting swiss chard as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil at 40°F or warmer. For San Antonio, that's roughly Feb 11–25 by the typical date or Mar 5–19 by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Sep 15, or by Aug 25 to be safe. That's 74 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant parsnips in San Antonio

Semi-hardy crop. CSU says parsnips can be planted as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil of at least 35°F. In San Antonio, that's roughly Feb 11–25 going by the typical date, or Mar 5–19 going by the safer date.

When to plant sweet corn in San Antonio

Tender crop. CSU's timing for sweet corn is around the average last frost, which is about Feb 25 in San Antonio. For only a 1-in-10 chance of a later 32°F night, hold off until Mar 19. Seeds want soil at 50°F or warmer.

When to plant cucumbers in San Antonio

Tender crop. Sow cucumbers around the average last frost, per CSU: about Feb 25 in San Antonio. Waiting until Mar 19 cuts the chance of a later 32°F night to 1 in 10. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F. For fall, count back 83 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Sep 6, or by Aug 16 to be safe.

When to plant eggplant in San Antonio

Very tender crop. Following CSU Extension's rule (2+ weeks after the average last frost), set eggplant out around Mar 11 with the typical date, Mar 19 for a balanced choice, or Apr 2 with the safer 10% date. Sow seeds indoors Jan 15 – Feb 5, 6–9 weeks before transplanting on Mar 19. Using CSU's typical 60 days from transplant to harvest, eggplant plants set out on Mar 19 would start producing around May 18. That's 194 days before the typical first frost (Nov 28).

When to plant cantaloupe in San Antonio

Very tender crop. Following CSU Extension's rule of 2+ weeks after the average last frost, plant cantaloupe around Mar 11 at the earliest, Mar 19 as a balanced choice, or Apr 2 to be safe. CSU's minimum soil temperature is 60°F.

When to plant watermelon in San Antonio

Very tender crop. CSU Extension's rule is to plant watermelon at least 2 weeks after the average last frost. That's about Mar 11 using the typical date, Mar 19 as a balanced choice, or Apr 2 if you go by the safer 10% date. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F.

When to plant winter squash in San Antonio

Very tender crop. CSU Extension's rule is to plant winter squash at least 2 weeks after the average last frost. That's about Mar 11 using the typical date, Mar 19 as a balanced choice, or Apr 2 if you go by the safer 10% date. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F.

How these dates are calculated

CSU states its spring rules relative to “the average last spring frost.” We use the 50% date as that average and also show the 30% and 10% anchors. See the methodology for details and limitations.

FAQ

When should I start seeds indoors in San Antonio?

Start tomatoes Jan 30 – Feb 13 and peppers Jan 22 – Feb 5. Both dates count back from a balanced (30%-risk) transplant date using CSU's transplant ages.

When should I plant tomatoes outside in San Antonio?

CSU Extension's rules for tomatoes are 2+ weeks after the average last frost and nights above 52°F. The frost rule alone would allow about Mar 11 here, but the average nightly low at San Antonio Incarnate Word isn't above 52°F until Mar 20. With both rules, the dates are about Mar 20 at the earliest, Mar 20 as a balanced choice, or Apr 2 to be safe.

What can I plant in San Antonio in the fall?

These sowing deadlines count back from the typical first frost (Nov 28) using UNL Extension's method: peas by Sep 10; lettuce (leaf) by Sep 15; carrots by Sep 5; beans (snap) by Sep 1; summer squash by Sep 11; broccoli by Sep 10 (transplants); cabbage by Aug 21 (transplants); kohlrabi by Sep 25; green onions by Sep 15; radishes by Oct 15; spinach by Oct 5; turnips by Sep 25; beets by Sep 15; swiss chard by Sep 15; cucumbers by Sep 6.

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