Milwaukee, WI Vegetable Planting Calendar

When to plant 26 vegetables in Milwaukee, for the 2027 season, based on 1991–2020 normals. The dates build on the 32°F frost odds at Mount Mary College (3.2 mi W), shifted by CSU Extension timing rules. You'll find each rule and its source below.

About the sources: the spring rules are from Colorado State University Extension and the fall count-back from University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension. We apply them to NOAA frost dates for Milwaukee; Wisconsin extension advice may differ.

Frost anchors: typical last frost Apr 26 (50%), balanced May 2 (30%), safe May 12 (10%); typical first frost Oct 18. Station Mount Mary College (USC00475474), confidence High. USDA zone 5b–6a (2023). Milwaukee frost dates & growing zone.

What to plant now in Milwaukee

No planting windows from our rules fall in October; see the month-by-month list below.

The list above is for the month this page was built; the box is refreshed in your browser for today's date.

Spring planting dates

“Plant out” means transplanting for crops started indoors and sowing or planting directly in the garden for the others. Each column applies CSU Extension's timing rule to a different last-frost anchor: aggressive = typical date (Apr 26, 50% risk), balanced = May 2 (30%), safe = May 12 (10%). For hardy crops the cell shows the CSU “as early as” window.

Milwaukee spring planting (2027 season)
CropHowStart indoorsPlant out: aggressive (50%)Balanced (30%)Safe (10%)Min. soil temp
Tomatoes
Very tender (warm season)
transplant Apr 11–25 May 30May 30May 30 50°F
Peppers
Very tender (warm season)
transplant Mar 21 – Apr 4 May 10May 16May 26 60°F
Potatoes
Semi-hardy (cool season)
plant (seed pieces) – Apr 12–26Apr 18 – May 2Apr 28 – May 12 45°F
Onions (dry, from sets)
Hardy (cool season)
plant sets – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 35°F
Peas
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Lettuce (leaf)
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 35°F
Carrots
Semi-hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Apr 12–26Apr 18 – May 2Apr 28 – May 12 40°F
Beans (snap)
Tender (warm season)
direct sow – Apr 26May 2May 12 55°F
Summer squash
Tender (warm season)
direct sow – Apr 26May 2May 12 60°F
Broccoli
Hardy (cool season)
transplant Feb 14–28 Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Cabbage
Hardy (cool season)
transplant Feb 14–28 Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Cauliflower
Semi-hardy (cool season)
transplant Feb 28 – Mar 14 Apr 12–26Apr 18 – May 2Apr 28 – May 12 40°F
Kohlrabi
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Green onions
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 35°F
Radishes
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Spinach
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Turnips
Hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Mar 29 – Apr 12Apr 4–18Apr 14–28 40°F
Beets
Semi-hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Apr 12–26Apr 18 – May 2Apr 28 – May 12 40°F
Swiss chard
Semi-hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Apr 12–26Apr 18 – May 2Apr 28 – May 12 40°F
Parsnips
Semi-hardy (cool season)
direct sow – Apr 12–26Apr 18 – May 2Apr 28 – May 12 35°F
Sweet corn
Tender (warm season)
direct sow – Apr 26May 2May 12 50°F
Cucumbers
Tender (warm season)
direct sow – Apr 26May 2May 12 60°F
Eggplant
Very tender (warm season)
transplant Mar 14 – Apr 4 May 10May 16May 26 60°F
Cantaloupe
Very tender (warm season)
direct sow – May 10May 16May 26 60°F
Watermelon
Very tender (warm season)
direct sow – May 10May 16May 26 60°F
Winter squash
Very tender (warm season)
direct sow – May 10May 16May 26 60°F

A soil thermometer helps here. CSU recommends checking soil temperature at 4 inches (6 inches for beans) before sowing. NOAA doesn't publish soil-temperature normals, so instead of a date, each crop shows CSU's minimum soil temperature.

Fall planting dates

Latest dates for a fall harvest, using the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Extension count-back formula: days to harvest (CSU) + 14-day fall factor + 14-day frost-tender factor for frost-sensitive crops, counted back from the first-frost date. For transplanted crops (CSU days are from transplant) the result is the latest transplant date; seeds go in CSU's transplant-age weeks earlier. We add no harvest period, so these dates give you a first harvest by the first frost, not a long harvest.

Milwaukee fall planting
CropHowDays counted backBy (typical first frost Oct 18)By (early first frost Oct 2)
Peassow79Jul 31Jul 15
Lettuce (leaf)sow74Aug 5Jul 20
Carrotssow84Jul 26Jul 10
Beans (snap)sow88 (frost-tender)Jul 22Jul 6
Summer squashsow78 (frost-tender)Aug 1Jul 16
Broccolitransplant (start seeds Jun 12–26)79Jul 31Jul 15
Cabbagetransplant (start seeds May 23 – Jun 6)99Jul 11Jun 25
Kohlrabisow64Aug 15Jul 30
Green onionssow74Aug 5Jul 20
Radishessow44Sep 4Aug 19
Spinachsow54Aug 25Aug 9
Turnipssow64Aug 15Jul 30
Beetssow74Aug 5Jul 20
Swiss chardsow74Aug 5Jul 20
Cucumberssow83 (frost-tender)Jul 27Jul 11

Month-by-month: what to plant in Milwaukee

What to plant in Milwaukee in February

What to plant in Milwaukee in March

What to plant in Milwaukee in April

What to plant in Milwaukee in May

What to plant in Milwaukee in June

What to plant in Milwaukee in July

What to plant in Milwaukee in August

What to plant in Milwaukee in September

Crop-by-crop notes

When to plant tomatoes in Milwaukee

Very tender crop. Set tomatoes out about May 30, whichever risk level you go by. That date comes from CSU Extension's night rule (nights above 52°F): the average nightly low at Mount Mary College first rises above 52°F on May 30. CSU's other rule, at least 2 weeks after the average last frost, would allow about May 10 in Milwaukee. Sow seeds indoors Apr 11–25, 5–7 weeks before transplanting on May 30. CSU notes that nights under 55°F hurt fruit set. The normal low at Mount Mary College climbs to 55°F on Jun 7. CSU's typical time from transplant to harvest for tomato plants is 65 days. Set out on May 30, they would start producing around Aug 3, 76 days before the typical first frost (Oct 18).

When to plant peppers in Milwaukee

Very tender crop. CSU Extension's rule is 2+ weeks after the average last frost, which puts peppers outside around May 10 (typical date), May 16 (balanced) or May 26 (safer 10% date). Start seeds indoors Mar 21 – Apr 4, 6–8 weeks ahead of transplanting on May 16. Below 55°F at night, fruit set suffers (CSU). At Mount Mary College, the normal low reaches 55°F on Jun 7. Using CSU's typical 70 days from transplant to harvest, pepper plants set out on May 16 would start producing around Jul 25. That's 85 days before the typical first frost (Oct 18).

When to plant potatoes in Milwaukee

Semi-hardy crop. CSU allows planting potatoes as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil at 45°F or warmer. For Milwaukee, that's roughly Apr 12–26 by the typical date or Apr 28 – May 12 by the safer date.

When to plant onions (dry, from sets) in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says onions (dry, from sets) can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 35°F. In Milwaukee, that's roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 going by the typical date, or Apr 14–28 going by the safer date.

When to plant peas in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says peas can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. In Milwaukee, that's roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 going by the typical date, or Apr 14–28 going by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Jul 31, or by Jul 15 to be safe. That's 79 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant lettuce (leaf) in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says lettuce (leaf) can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 35°F. In Milwaukee, that's roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 going by the typical date, or Apr 14–28 going by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Aug 5, or by Jul 20 to be safe. That's 74 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant carrots in Milwaukee

Semi-hardy crop. CSU says carrots can be planted as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil of at least 40°F. In Milwaukee, that's roughly Apr 12–26 going by the typical date, or Apr 28 – May 12 going by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Jul 26, or by Jul 10 to be safe. That's 84 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant beans (snap) in Milwaukee

Tender crop. CSU says to sow beans (snap) around the average last frost, about Apr 26 in Milwaukee. If you want only a 1-in-10 chance of a later 32°F night, wait until May 12. Seeds need soil of at least 55°F. For fall, sow by Jul 22 (Jul 6 to be safe), which is 88 days before the first-frost date.

When to plant summer squash in Milwaukee

Tender crop. Sow summer squash around the average last frost, per CSU: about Apr 26 in Milwaukee. Waiting until May 12 cuts the chance of a later 32°F night to 1 in 10. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F. For fall, sow by Aug 1 (Jul 16 to be safe), which is 78 days before the first-frost date.

When to plant broccoli in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. Per CSU, broccoli can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For Milwaukee, that works out to roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 (typical date) or Apr 14–28 (safer date). CSU's typical time from transplant to harvest for broccoli plants is 65 days. Set out on Apr 4, they would start producing around Jun 8, 132 days before the typical first frost (Oct 18). For a fall crop, set broccoli transplants out by Jul 31. That's UNL Extension's count-back from the typical first frost (Oct 18), using CSU's 65 days from transplant to harvest. If you grow your own transplants, start seeds Jun 12–26 (CSU: 5–7 weeks to transplant size).

When to plant cabbage in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says cabbage can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. In Milwaukee, that's roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 going by the typical date, or Apr 14–28 going by the safer date. CSU's typical time from transplant to harvest for cabbage plants is 85 days. Set out on Apr 4, they would start producing around Jun 28, 112 days before the typical first frost (Oct 18). For a fall harvest of cabbage, get transplants in the ground by Jul 11 (UNL Extension count-back from the typical first frost, Oct 18, with CSU's 85 days from transplant to harvest). To raise your own, sow seeds May 23 – Jun 6, 5–7 weeks ahead (CSU).

When to plant cauliflower in Milwaukee

Semi-hardy crop. CSU allows planting cauliflower as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil at 40°F or warmer. For Milwaukee, that's roughly Apr 12–26 by the typical date or Apr 28 – May 12 by the safer date.

When to plant kohlrabi in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says kohlrabi can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, once the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. In Milwaukee, that's roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 going by the typical date, or Apr 14–28 going by the safer date. For a fall crop, sow by Aug 15, or by Jul 30 to be safe. That's 64 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant green onions in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says green onions can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost: roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 in Milwaukee using the typical date, or Apr 14–28 using the safer one. Wait until the soil can be worked and is at least 35°F. For a fall crop, sow by Aug 5, or by Jul 20 to be safe. That's 74 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant radishes in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. Per CSU, radishes can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For Milwaukee, that works out to roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 (typical date) or Apr 14–28 (safer date). For a fall crop, sow by Sep 4, or by Aug 19 to be safe. That's 44 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant spinach in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. CSU says spinach can go in as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost: roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 in Milwaukee using the typical date, or Apr 14–28 using the safer one. Wait until the soil can be worked and is at least 40°F. For fall, count back 54 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Aug 25, or by Aug 9 to be safe.

When to plant turnips in Milwaukee

Hardy crop. Per CSU, turnips can be planted as early as 2–4 weeks before the average last frost, as long as the soil is workable and at least 40°F. For Milwaukee, that works out to roughly Mar 29 – Apr 12 (typical date) or Apr 14–28 (safer date). For a fall crop, sow by Aug 15, or by Jul 30 to be safe. That's 64 days back from the first-frost date.

When to plant beets in Milwaukee

Semi-hardy crop. Per CSU, beets can go in as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost: roughly Apr 12–26 in Milwaukee (typical date) or Apr 28 – May 12 (safer date). The soil should be at least 40°F. For fall, count back 74 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Aug 5, or by Jul 20 to be safe.

When to plant swiss chard in Milwaukee

Semi-hardy crop. CSU allows planting swiss chard as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil at 40°F or warmer. For Milwaukee, that's roughly Apr 12–26 by the typical date or Apr 28 – May 12 by the safer date. For fall, count back 74 days from the first-frost date. That means sowing by Aug 5, or by Jul 20 to be safe.

When to plant parsnips in Milwaukee

Semi-hardy crop. CSU allows planting parsnips as early as 0–2 weeks before the average last frost, in soil at 35°F or warmer. For Milwaukee, that's roughly Apr 12–26 by the typical date or Apr 28 – May 12 by the safer date.

When to plant sweet corn in Milwaukee

Tender crop. CSU says to sow sweet corn around the average last frost, about Apr 26 in Milwaukee. If you want only a 1-in-10 chance of a later 32°F night, wait until May 12. Seeds need soil of at least 50°F.

When to plant cucumbers in Milwaukee

Tender crop. CSU says to sow cucumbers around the average last frost, about Apr 26 in Milwaukee. If you want only a 1-in-10 chance of a later 32°F night, wait until May 12. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F. For fall, sow by Jul 27 (Jul 11 to be safe), which is 83 days before the first-frost date.

When to plant eggplant in Milwaukee

Very tender crop. CSU Extension's rule is to set eggplant out at least 2 weeks after the average last frost. That's about May 10 using the typical date, May 16 as a balanced choice, or May 26 if you go by the safer 10% date. Start seeds indoors Mar 14 – Apr 4, 6–9 weeks before transplanting on May 16. CSU's typical time from transplant to harvest for eggplant plants is 60 days. Set out on May 16, they would start producing around Jul 15, 95 days before the typical first frost (Oct 18).

When to plant cantaloupe in Milwaukee

Very tender crop. Following CSU Extension's rule of 2+ weeks after the average last frost, plant cantaloupe around May 10 at the earliest, May 16 as a balanced choice, or May 26 to be safe. CSU's minimum soil temperature is 60°F.

When to plant watermelon in Milwaukee

Very tender crop. CSU Extension's rule is to plant watermelon at least 2 weeks after the average last frost. That's about May 10 using the typical date, May 16 as a balanced choice, or May 26 if you go by the safer 10% date. Seeds need soil of at least 60°F.

When to plant winter squash in Milwaukee

Very tender crop. CSU Extension says to plant winter squash 2+ weeks after the average last frost: about May 10 (typical date), May 16 (balanced) or May 26 (safer 10% date). Wait for soil of at least 60°F.

How these dates are calculated

Timing rules, their sources and where each source applies
RuleApplies toSource (scope)
Hardy (cool season): “As early as 2-4 weeks before the date of the average last spring frost.”Onions (dry, from sets), Peas, Lettuce (leaf), Broccoli, Cabbage, Kohlrabi, Green onions, Radishes, Spinach, TurnipsColorado State University Extension, Vegetable Planting Guide (CMG GardenNotes #720) (written for Colorado; its frost-relative rules are applied to other states' NOAA frost dates and labelled as CSU (Colorado) rules)
Semi-hardy (cool season): “As early as 0-2 weeks before the date of the average last spring frost.”Potatoes, Carrots, Cauliflower, Beets, Swiss chard, ParsnipsColorado State University Extension, Vegetable Planting Guide (CMG GardenNotes #720) (written for Colorado; its frost-relative rules are applied to other states' NOAA frost dates and labelled as CSU (Colorado) rules)
Tender (warm season): “From seed: around the date of the average last spring frost”Beans (snap), Summer squash, Sweet corn, CucumbersColorado State University Extension, Vegetable Planting Guide (CMG GardenNotes #720) (written for Colorado; its frost-relative rules are applied to other states' NOAA frost dates and labelled as CSU (Colorado) rules)
Very tender (warm season): “Typically 2+ weeks after the average last spring frost date.”Tomatoes, Peppers, Eggplant, Cantaloupe, Watermelon, Winter squashColorado State University Extension, Vegetable Planting Guide (CMG GardenNotes #720) (written for Colorado; its frost-relative rules are applied to other states' NOAA frost dates and labelled as CSU (Colorado) rules)
Start indoors = transplant age (weeks) before the balanced transplant date; days to harvest; minimum soil temperatureCrops with those values in CSU's tableCSU Extension, Vegetable Planting Guide (CMG GardenNotes #720) (written for Colorado; its frost-relative rules are applied to other states' NOAA frost dates and labelled as CSU (Colorado) rules)
Night-temperature dates: first day the NOAA 1991–2020 daily normal low (DLY-TMIN-NORMAL) is above the CSU transplant threshold or reaches the fruit-set thresholdTomatoes (above 52°F at transplant, 55°F fruit set), peppers (55°F fruit set)CSU Growing Tomatoes, CSU Peppers and Eggplants (written for Colorado; generic temperature thresholds applied nationwide with attribution)
Fall count-back: days to harvest + fall factor (14) + frost-tender factor (14)Peas, Lettuce (leaf), Carrots, Beans (snap), Summer squash, Broccoli, Cabbage, Kohlrabi, Green onions, Radishes, Spinach, Turnips, Beets, Swiss chard, CucumbersUNL Extension, Fall Vegetable Gardening (G1343) (written for Nebraska; the count-back formula is applied nationwide with attribution)

CSU states its spring rules relative to “the average last spring frost.” We use the 50% date as that average and also show the 30% and 10% anchors. See the methodology for details and limitations.

FAQ

When should I start seeds indoors in Milwaukee?

Sow tomatoes indoors Apr 11–25 and peppers Mar 21 – Apr 4. We work back from a balanced (30%-risk) transplant date using CSU's transplant ages.

When should I plant tomatoes outside in Milwaukee?

About May 30, at every risk level. CSU wants tomatoes out 2+ weeks after the average last frost (that rule alone gives about May 10 here) and nights above 52°F. At Mount Mary College, the average nightly low first rises above 52°F on May 30, later than the frost-rule date, so the night rule sets the date.

What can I plant in Milwaukee in the fall?

Counting back from the typical first frost (Oct 18) with UNL Extension's method: peas by Jul 31; lettuce (leaf) by Aug 5; carrots by Jul 26; beans (snap) by Jul 22; summer squash by Aug 1; broccoli by Jul 31 (transplants); cabbage by Jul 11 (transplants); kohlrabi by Aug 15; green onions by Aug 5; radishes by Sep 4; spinach by Aug 25; turnips by Aug 15; beets by Aug 5; swiss chard by Aug 5; cucumbers by Jul 27.

Download